HOMA-IR (Insulin Resistance)
Homeostatic Model Assessment for insulin resistance from fasting glucose and insulin.
Switch how results are explained
Early or mild insulin resistance (HOMA-IR 1.0–1.9). Recommend physical activity, dietary counseling, and periodic metabolic monitoring.
- Evidence grade
- A
What it is and when to use it
HOMA-IR (Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance) estimates insulin sensitivity based on fasting plasma glucose and fasting insulin levels.
How to interpret it
Values <1.0 indicate optimal insulin sensitivity, 1.0–1.9 indicates mild insulin resistance, and ≥2.0 indicates significant insulin resistance.
Limitations and when not to use it
Results should be interpreted in the context of clinical history. Fasting must be strict (8–12 hours). Not applicable during acute illness or exogenous insulin therapy.
Formulas and cut-offs are from the original authors of each score; see the references.
Last reviewed: June 2026
References
- Matthews DR, Hosker JP, Rudenski AS, Naylor BA, Treacher DF, Turner RC. Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologia. 1985;28(7):412-419. PMID:3899825